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F GlossaryA | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | MN | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z fallopian tubes - Two thin tubes that extend from each side of the uterus toward the ovaries which are a passageway for eggs and sperm. false negative report - A negative result when in reality it is positive in nature. false positive report - A positive result when in reality it is negative in nature. fats - One of the three main classes of food and a source of energy in the body. Bile dissolves fats, and enzymes break them down. This process moves fats into cells. fatty liver - The buildup of fat in liver cells. The most common cause is alcoholism. Other causes include obesity, diabetes, and pregnancy. Also called steatosis. fecal fat test - A test to measure the body's ability to break down and absorb fat. The patient eats a fat-free diet for 2 to 3 days before the test and collects stool samples for examination. fecal incontinence - Being unable to hold stool in the colon and rectum. fecal occult-blood test - Screening test for possible signs of cancer of the colon or rectum. feces - Stool. festination - Walking with a series of quick, small, shuffling steps as if hurrying forward to keep balance. fetal alcohol syndrome - Set of serious birth defects that can occur when a pregnant woman drinks excessive amounts of alcohol. fiber - A substance in foods that comes from plants. Fiber helps with digestion by keeping stool soft so that it moves smoothly through the colon. Soluble fiber dissolves in water. Soluble fiber is found in beans, fruit, and oat products. Insoluble fiber does not dissolve in water. Insoluble fiber is found in whole-grain products and vegetables. fibrillation - RaPID contractions of the heart muscles. fibroadenoma - Noncancerous, firm, rubbery lump in the breast that is painless and moves around easily when touched. fibrocystic breasts - Noncancerous condition in which small lumps and cysts develop in the breasts. fibroids - Noncancerous growths in, on, or within the walls of the uterus that develop from muscle cells in the wall of the uterus. fibromyalgia - A chronic disorder characterized by widespread musculoskeletal pain, fatigue, and multiple tender points that occurs in precise, localized areas, particularly in the neck, spine, shoulders, and hips; also may cause sleep disturbances, morning stiffness, irritable bowel syndrome, anxiety, and other symptoms. fine needle aspiration - The use of a thin, hollow needle to withdraw tissue from the body. In the case of suspected prostate cancer it may be used in conjunction with transrectal ultrasound of the prostate. fistula - An abnormal passage between two organs or between an organ and the outside of the body, caused when damaged tissues come into contact with each other and join together while healing. flatulence - Excessive gas in the stomach or intestine. flexor muscle - Any muscle that causes the bending of a limb or other body part. fluency - Able to express oneself readily and effortlessly: a fluent speaker; fluent in three languages. flutter - Ineffective contractions of the heart muscles. folic acid - One of the B vitamins especially important for a woman to take before conception to help prevent neural tube defects in a fetus. food intolerance - An adverse food-induced reaction that does not involve the immune system. Lactose intolerance is an example. foodborne illness - An acute gastrointestinal infection caused by food that contains harmful bacteria. Also called food poisoning. forensic - Belonging to courts of judicature or to public discussion and debate; used in legal proceedings, or in public discussions; argumentative; rhetorical; as, forensic eloquence or disputes. Forensic medicine, medical jurisprudence; medicine in its relations to law. FSH (follicle-stimulating hormone) - Hormone secreted by the pituitary gland in the brain that stimulates the growth and maturation of eggs in females and sperm in males and sex hormone production in both. fulminant hepatic failure (FHF) - Liver failure that occurs suddenly in a previously healthy person. The most common causes are acute hepatitis, acetaminophen overdose, and liver damage from prescription drugs. functional disorders - Conditions resulting from poor nerve
and muscle function. Also called motility disorders. |
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